The name Madrid, familiar worldwide, has a fascinating origin often unknown even to locals. Over the centuries, the Spanish capital has seen many cultures and transformations, and its current name reflects this rich history. In this article, discover why Madrid is called Madrid and the main theories behind its name.
The etymology of Madrid: why is it called that?
The most widely accepted theories about the origin of Madrid’s name trace back to the Muslim era, when the city was known as "Mayrit" or "Majerit". Most experts agree that this name derives from the Arabic word mayra (meaning “water channels”) combined with the Iberian-Roman suffix "-it", meaning “place.”
Thus, Mayrit can be translated as “place of abundant water,” a reference to the numerous streams and springs that once flowed through the area. This interpretation aligns with the historical importance of water for the settlement and development of urban centres on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages.
However, the etymology of Madrid is not without debate. Some scholars propose alternative origins, suggesting that the name could have pre-Roman or even Latin roots, linked to terms such as "matrix" (“mother” or “womb”), possibly alluding to the city’s underground springs.
Who named Madrid?
The origin of Madrid’s name remains a topic of debate among historians, as both Muslim influence and the earlier Visigothic and Roman presence shaped the region. Many scholars agree that, in the 9th century, the Muslims named the settlement "Mayrit" or "Magerit", as the city was then known.
However, another theory suggests an earlier Romance origin, attributing the name to Visigothic or even Roman settlers. They may have used the word "Matric" or "Matrix" in reference to the abundant springs and waterways in the area.
History of Madrid
Although evidence of human settlement in the area dates back to prehistoric times, Madrid began to gain significance during the Roman and Visigothic periods. The true turning point, however, came in the 9th century with the construction of a Muslim fortress, known as "Mayrit".
Following the Christian reconquest, Madrid underwent profound changes in its layout and population. The city gradually acquired strategic importance, and in the 16th century, it experienced a decisive shift when Philip II chose it as the permanent seat of the royal court. This marked the start of unstoppable urban and demographic growth.
Living in Madrid
Living in Madrid means experiencing a vibrant city brimming with life, culture and diversity, where each neighbourhood has its own character and pace. The capital offers a unique blend of history and modernity, along with an extensive range of leisure, culinary and artistic opportunities.
Its efficient transport network makes getting around simple, while expansive green spaces such as Retiro Park and Casa de Campo provide a welcome escape from the city’s hustle and bustle. Although the cost of living can be high in certain areas, Madrid compensates with its warm and welcoming atmosphere.
What's it like living in Madrid compared to other Spanish cities?
Choosing to live in Madrid is taking a step towards a vibrant life in the heart of Spain. This article aims to ease your transition to the Spanish capital by providing you with all the information you need to make your Madrid experience a rewarding and smooth one.