Buying property in Spain can be one of the most exciting decisions you make, but it also comes with challenges. Rules, taxes, and procedures are different from the UK or northern Europe, and small oversights can quickly become costly mistakes.
The first person you’ll usually deal with is an estate agent, so knowing the right questions to ask is essential. Whether you’re looking at a villa on the Costa Blanca, an apartment in Barcelona, or a rural finca in Andalusia, this guide will help you buy with confidence and avoid common pitfalls.
- Understand the role of the estate agent in Spain
- Check property history and legal standing
- Assess building quality and maintenance
- Understand the total cost of buying
- Learn about the location and surroundings
- Understand the buying process and negotiation
- Recognise red flags
- Quick checklist: questions to ask your Spanish estate agent
- Find your dream home in Spain
Understand the role of the estate agent in Spain
Spanish estate agents don’t operate under a centralised licensing system. They may represent the seller, the buyer, or both at the same time. It’s important to clarify:
- Who they work for
- How they handle transactions in their region
- Their experience and specialisation
- Membership in any professional bodies
A trustworthy agent will respond quickly, communicate transparently, and understand the needs of international buyers. If they dodge questions or pressure you to act quickly, consider it a red flag.
Check property history and legal standing
Before making an offer, ask about the property’s legal status. Key documents include:
- Title deed (Escritura)
- Nota Simple from the Land Registry
- Certificates confirming planning permission and habitation
Make sure all building works were approved and that there are no outstanding debts linked to the property. While your lawyer will verify everything, your agent should provide full transparency from the start.
Assess building quality and maintenance
Construction standards in Spain can vary, especially in older properties or homes built during the early 2000s boom. Ask your agent:
- When the property was built and if it has had major renovations
- Any known issues like damp, insulation concerns, or upcoming community repairs
- Energy Performance Certificate (required for all property sales)
- Maintenance requirements for pools or extensive outdoor spaces
These details help you plan for long-term upkeep and costs.
Understand the total cost of buying
The advertised price rarely includes taxes and fees. Expect additional costs of roughly 10–13% depending on the region and whether the property is new or resale. Ask your agent for a breakdown of:
- Transfer tax or VAT
- Notary and registration fees
- Estate agent commission
- Annual community charges and what services they cover
- Local taxes, including council tax and waste collection
Clarifying costs early helps avoid surprises later.
Learn about the location and surroundings
Spain’s regions vary greatly. Two homes a short distance apart can differ in regulations, amenities, and resale potential. Questions to ask:
- Access to public transport, hospitals, and schools
- Any upcoming construction or developments nearby
- Seasonal changes in population and local activity
- Rules on short-term rentals if you plan to let the property
An agent with strong local knowledge will provide insights you won’t find online.
Understand the buying process and negotiation
A reputable agent should explain the full buying process, including:
- Reservation agreement
- Formal deposit contract (Contrato de Arras)
- Typical timeline for completion
- Who holds deposits and required documentation
They should also coordinate with your lawyer and notary, ensuring a smooth transaction.
Recognise red flags
Be cautious if:
- The property seems unusually cheap
- The agent avoids providing documentation
- You are discouraged from using your own lawyer
- Deposits are requested into personal accounts
Transparency is the key sign of a trustworthy agent, especially one experienced with international buyers.
Quick checklist: questions to ask your Spanish estate agent
- Who do you represent—buyer, seller, or both?
- How long have you worked locally and what properties do you specialise in?
- Can you provide all legal documents, including title deeds and planning certificates?
- What is the property’s construction history and current condition?
- What are the expected taxes, fees, and maintenance costs?
- What local amenities and regulations should I know about?
- Can you explain the full buying process and deposit conditions?
Find your dream home in Spain
Knowing the right questions to ask can transform your property-buying experience in Spain. A reliable estate agent will be open, informed, and proactive, guiding you through legal, financial, and local considerations.
By approaching the process with curiosity and due diligence, you can focus on what really matters: finding a home that suits your lifestyle, your budget, and your future plans.